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ids, (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome or Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome). A serious disease of the immune system transmitted through blood products especially by sexual contact or contaminated needles
ilharziasis. Disease caused by larva of a flatworm that lives inside a freshwater snail, leaves its host and penetrates human skin. Causes severe inflammatory reaction in the walls of the bladder, hemorrhages and often death. Also known as Schistosomiasis
holera (also called Asiatic cholera) is an infectious disease of the gastrointestinal tract caused by the Vibrio cholerae bacterium. These bacteria are typically ingested by drinking water contaminated by improper sanitation or by eating improperly cooked fish, especially shellfish. Symptoms include diarrhea, abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, and dehydration. Death is generally due to the dehydration caused by the illness. When left untreated Cholera generally has a high mortality rate.
iphtheria. A painful bacterial infection that destroys the lining of the throat, swelling the neck and causing fever and difficulty breathing; in severe cases it can cause death by asphyxiation in three or four days. Diphtheria can be prevented by the DTaP (diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis) vaccine.
ncephalocele. A birth defect that results in a hole in the skull through which brain tissue protrudes. although most babies with encephalocele do not live or are severely retarded, a few children have survived because of early surgery to correct this defect.
ibromyalgia. A chronic disorder characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, and multiple tender points that occurs in precise, localized areas, particularly in the neck, spine, shoulders, and hips; also may cause sleep disturbances, morning stiffness, irritable bowel syndrome, anxiety, and other symptoms.
erman measles. Basically rubella; contagious viral disease characterized by swollen glands and small red spots on the skin. If contracted by the mother during the first trimester of pregnancy, can cause complications as well as hearing loss; however, rubella vaccination programs have significantly decreased its occurrence
epatitis. Inflammation of the liver. May be caused by bacterial or viral infection, parasitic infestation, alcohol, drugs, toxins, or transfusion of incompatible blood. Although many cases of hepatitis are not a serious health threat, the disease can become chronic and sometimes lead to liver failure and death.
BS. IBS (irritable bowel syndrome) is a common gastrointestinal disorder involving abnormal gut contractions (motility) characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, mucous in stools, and irregular bowel habits with alternating diarrhea and constipation, symptoms that tend to be chronic and to wax and wane over the years. Also called spastic colitis, mucus colitis, nervous colon syndrome.
apense encephalitis. Japanese B encephalitis, a form of epidemic encephalitis caused by a flavivirus and transmitted by the bites of infected mosquitoes, especially Culex tritaeniorhyncus, in eastern and southern Asia and nearby islands. It may occur as a symptomless subclinical infection or as an acute meningoencephalomyelitis with cortical damage and cord lesions resembling those of poliomyelitis.
uru. A progressive disease of the central nervous system marked by increasing lack of coordination and advancing to paralysis and death within a year of the appearance of symptoms; thought to have been transmitted by cannibalistic consumption of diseased brain tissue since the disease virtually disappeared when cannibalism was abandoned
eukemia, is a type of cancer of the blood cells in which the growth and development of the blood cells are abnormal. Strictly speaking, leukemia should refer only to cancer of the white blood cells (the leukocytes) but in practice it can apply to malignancy of any cellular element in the blood or bone marrow, as in red cell leukemia (erythroleukemia).
alaria, Malaria is a widespread and very dangerous disease and is caused by a parasite (Plasmodium), which requires two hosts during its life cycle: man and mosquito. It is transmitted from man to man by the bite of an infected mosquito of one genus (Anopheles). The name malaria comes from the Italian for ‘bad air’ or mal aria. The symptoms of Malaria are very similar to Influenza e.g. headaches, fever, muscular and joint pain, sweating, shivering attacks, nausea, diarrhoea and fatigue. Symptoms can still occur up to six months after leaving a Malaria risk area.
arcolepsy. A disease that is frequently inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion. Affected dogs appear to fall asleep, suddenly losing control of their hind legs or collapsing in complete paralysis, while still being entirely aware of their surroundings. Attacks last from a few seconds to a few minutes and end with no residual effects. Some sporadic cases of narcolepsy are not inherited.
CD. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder is a disorder characterized by the presence of obsessions and compulsions. Obsessions are repetitive, unwanted thoughts. There is a sense of urgency and tension that rises until the person feels compelled to act on the obsessive thought. An action based on an obsessive thought is called a compulsion. Compulsions range from mild checking behavior (is the stove off?) to severe cases where the person is unable to function based on their compulsions having taken over their life.
ancreatitis. Is an inflammation of the pancreas due to a variety of causes such as infections and drugs. The pancreas produces enzymes and bicarbonate important in digestion and absorption of nutrients as well as insulin. Chronic, severe pancreatitis can result in malabsorption and diarrhea as well as diabetes mellitus.
abies. An acute, infectious, often fatal viral disease of most warm blooded animals especially wolves, cats and dogs. The virus attacks the central nervous system and is transmitted by the bite of an infected animal. Reproduction - to produce another living thing of the same kind. Subordinate - not the leader. The subordinate will follow the leader (dominate) animal. A low ranking animal.
evere Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), SARS begins with a high fever (temperature greater than 100.4°F 38.0°C]). Other symptoms may include headache, an overall feeling of discomfort, and body aches. Some people also have mild respiratory symptoms at the outset. About 10 percent to 20 percent of patients have diarrhea. After 2 to 7 days, SARS patients may develop a dry cough. Most patients develop pneumonia.SARS was first reported in Asia in February 2003. Over the next few months, the illness spread to more than two dozen countries in North America, South America, Europe, and Asia before the SARS global outbreak of 2003 was contained
uberculosis. an infectious disease that was once a major killer worldwide. The predominant TB organism is Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis). Spread person-to-person in airborne droplets caused by sneezing or coughing, the bacteria usually infects the lungs. However, due to improved nutrition, housing, sanitation, medical care, and the introduction of antibiotics this century, reported TB cases in the US have declined dramatically.
lcerative colitis. A disease that causes inflammation and sores, called ulcers, in the superficial layers of the lining of the large intestine. The inflammation usually occurs in the rectum and lower part of the colon, but it may affect the entire colon. Ulcerative colitis rarely affects the small intestine except for the lower section, called the ileum.
asculitis. Affects the blood vessels. Describes a heterogeneous group of uncommon diseases characterised by inflammatory cell infiltration and necrosis of blood cell walls. Giant cell arteritis is one form (which occurs with polymyalgia rheumatica), polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a rarer one. Vasculitis can occur with rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus.
est nile encephalitis. a mild, febrile, sporadic disease caused by the flavivirus West Nile virus, transmitted by Culex mosquitoes, occurring chiefly in the summer; frequently, infection does not lead to encephalitis. It may be of sudden onset, and symptoms may include drowsiness, severe frontal headache, maculopapular rash, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, nausea, and generalized lymphadenopathy. It was first reported in Uganda, but is widespread elsewhere in Africa and also occurs in southern Europe, the Middle East, and southern Asia.
ellow fever. A viral disease occuring in central Africa and central and south America, spread by mosquitoes. Fever and headache after a 48 hours incubation period are mild symptoms, but the disease can be severe, including nausea, vominting and constipation. Only symptomatic supportive therapy is available.
ellweger syndrome. Zellweger syndrome is a rare, congenital disorder (present at birth), characterized by the reduction or absence of peroxisomes (cell structures that rid the body of toxic substances) in the cells of the liver, kidneys, and brain. Zellweger syndrome is one of a group of genetic disorders called peroxisomal diseases that affect brain development and the growth of the myelin sheath, the fatty covering—which acts as an insulator—on nerve fibers in the brain.
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